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Esfahan |
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Shah-Abbas
the great chose the city of Esfahan as the capital during
the Safavid dynasty. He built many magnificent buildings and
mosques in the city.
Shah-Abbas,
like other rulers of this dynasty patronised Iranian artists
and established several court workshops. From that era until
modern times, Esfahan has kept its reputation for creating
fantastic pieces of art, including fine carpets.
The Second
World War caused serious damage to the trade and industry of
the market in Esfah and in the world market. During this
period, the raw materials used for weaving rugs such as wool
and dyestuffs became expensive. In the meantime, some
dishonest and profiteering weavers took advantage of this
situation and began to cheat and swindle. The fame and trade
of Esfahan carpets that was in the forefront of all other
carpets in Iran began to decline and the business was at a
standstill. Fortunately, at present, the quality of the
dyestuffs and fibres used for the carpets in this area has
improved.
By
re-starting many weaving factories and creating marvellous
and fine woven pieces, Esfahan has regained its well-known
celebrity.
In the past
years and even at present the artists of Esfahan often
design their sketches from the diaphoretic and simple glazed
tiles of the Chene!-Sotum Building, Naghsh-e Jah Madreseh Ch
Bagh, Masjed-e- Sheikh Lotf-ollah and other historical
buildings. The patterns mostly used in Esfahan rugs are
Shah-Abbasi medallion and corner, Eslimi medallion and
corner, trees and animals, overall Shah-Abbasi and
geometrical medallion and corner.
Esfahan,
was one important centre for the cultivation of various
plants used in dyeing. Ron well as wild plants containing
coloured products can now be found in its mountains and
deserts.
At the
time, due to their abundance, a lot of natural colours were
used in the dyeing centres. At present, however, large
quantities of- dyestuffs, particularly chromatic compounds
are used for dyeing the fibres of the carpets. The numbers
of the dyestuffs in Esfahan carpets are mostly in beige,
buff-white, red, dark blue and turquoise. The wool used for
weaving is obtained from Kerman, Yazd, Khorasan,
Kermanshahan and foreign sources. Esfahan carpets are
amongst the best of Persian products and are as hard wearing
and they are very decorative.
The piles
of good quality Esfahan carpets are thick and made of "Kork"
the foundation are of cotton, the finest ones are woven on
silk.
In the
small panel of the Iranian flag at bottom or top of the fine
rugs of Esfahan, the weaver's signature is woven. There are
some other towns and districts in the province of Esfahan
where carpet weaving has had a wide circulation. They are as
follows: |
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